In order of decreasing precedence:
|
Operator
|
Meaning
|
|
|---|---|---|
| ( ) | Grouping or Procedure call arguments | |
| { } | Run the enclosed statement list and return 1 if it succeeds or 0 otherwise. | |
| [ ] | Array indexing. (The first element is element 0.) | |
|
-A
-C
-D
-H
-R
-S
-d
-e
-f
-o
-w
-x
-z |
File system tests | |
| ++ -- | Prefix and postfix increment/decrement | |
| ~ - ! + | Bitwise, arithmetic and logical complements and unary plus | |
| ** | Exponentiation | |
| * / % // | Multiplication, Division, Remainder and Integer Division | |
| + - | Addition and Subtraction | |
| << >> | Bit-Shifting | |
| == != =~ !~ < <= >= > | Relation-testing and pattern-matching operators | |
| & | Bit And | |
| ^ | Bit Xor | |
| | | Bit Or | |
| && | Logical And | |
| || | Logical Or | |
| ?: | Conditional selection | |
|
=
+=
-=
*=
/=
%=
//=
>>=
<<=
&=
^=
|=
**= |
Assignment operators |
Expressions result in sensible types, considering both the types and the values of the operands. For example, 10/2 returns the integer 5 but 5/2 produces the floating point value 2.5. Also, the integer 1, the floating point value 1.0 and the string "1" all compare equal.
The operand of a file system test is interpreted as a word, not an expression, and may involve wildcarding. If wildcarding produces more than one match, the test is done on the first one.
|
Prefix Operator
|
True if
|
|
|---|---|---|
| -A | Archive Bit Set | |
| -C | File or Directory is Compressed | |
| -D -d | Directory | |
| -H | Hidden File or Directory | |
| -R | Read-only File or Directory | |
| -S | System File or Directory | |
| -e | File or Directory Exists | |
| -f | Ordinary File | |
| -o | Ownership (Same as Existence on an OS/2 or NT FAT file system) | |
| -r | Readable (Same as ordinary file on an OS/2 or NT FAT file system) | |
| -w | Writable (Not Read-only and not a directory) | |
| -x | Executable (Has a .csh, .exe, .com or .cmd extension and, if it's an .exe or a .com file, appears to be a valid OS/2 or NT binary executable.) | |
| -z | Zero-length File |
Example:
if (-d $a) then
 echo $a is a directory
end
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